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Author (up) Xu, X.; Rhines, P.B.; Chassignet, E.P. url  doi
openurl 
  Title On Mapping the Diapycnal Water Mass Transformation of the Upper North Atlantic Ocean Type $loc['typeJournal Article']
  Year 2018 Publication Journal of Physical Oceanography Abbreviated Journal J. Phys. Oceanogr.  
  Volume 48 Issue 10 Pages 2233-2258  
  Keywords Atmosphere-ocean interaction; Boundary currents; Diapycnal mixing; Fronts; Thermocline circulation  
  Abstract Diapycnal water mass transformation is the essence behind the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) and the associated heat/freshwater transports. Existing studies have mostly focused on the transformation that is forced by surface buoyancy fluxes, and the role of interior mixing is much less known. This study maps the three-dimensional structure of the diapycnal transformation, both surface forced and mixing induced, using results of a high-resolution numerical model that have been shown to represent the large-scale structure of the AMOC and the North Atlantic subpolar/subtropical gyres well. The analyses show that 1) annual mean transformation takes place seamlessly from the subtropical to the subpolar North Atlantic following the surface buoyancy loss along the northward-flowing upper AMOC limb; 2) mixing, including wintertime convection and warm-season restratification by mesoscale eddies in the mixed layer and submixed layer diapycnal mixing, drives transformations of (i) Subtropical Mode Water in the southern part of the subtropical gyre and (ii) Labrador Sea Water in the Labrador Sea and on its southward path in the western Newfoundland Basin; and 3) patterns of diapycnal transformations toward lighter and denser water do not align zonally�the net three-dimensional transformation is significantly stronger than the zonally integrated, two-dimensional AMOC streamfunction (50% in the southern subtropical North Atlantic and 60% in the western subpolar North Atlantic).  
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  ISSN 0022-3670 ISBN Medium  
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  Call Number COAPS @ user @ Serial 951  
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Author (up) Xu, X.; Rhines, P.B.; Chassignet, E.P. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Temperature-Salinity Structure of the North Atlantic Circulation and Associated Heat and Freshwater Transports Type $loc['typeJournal Article']
  Year 2016 Publication Journal of Climate Abbreviated Journal J. Climate  
  Volume 29 Issue 21 Pages 7723-7742  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0894-8755 ISBN Medium  
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  Funding Approved $loc['no']  
  Call Number COAPS @ mfield @ Serial 58  
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Author (up) Xu, X.; Rhines, P.B.; Chassignet, E.P.; Schmitz Jr., W.J. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Spreading of Denmark Strait Overflow Water in the Western Subpolar North Atlantic: Insights from Eddy-Resolving Simulations with a Passive Tracer Type $loc['typeJournal Article']
  Year 2015 Publication Journal of Physical Oceanography Abbreviated Journal J. Phys. Oceanogr.  
  Volume 45 Issue 12 Pages 2913-2932  
  Keywords Circulation/ Dynamics; Abyssal circulation; Boundary currents; Ocean circulation; Ocean dynamics; Potential vorticity; Topographic effects  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0022-3670 ISBN Medium  
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  Call Number COAPS @ mfield @ Serial 116  
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Author (up) Xu, X.; Schmitz Jr., W.J.; Hurlburt, H.E.; Hogan, P.J.; Chassignet, E.P. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Transport of Nordic Seas overflow water into and within the Irminger Sea: An eddy-resolving simulation and observations Type $loc['typeJournal Article']
  Year 2010 Publication Journal of Geophysical Research Abbreviated Journal J. Geophys. Res.  
  Volume 115 Issue C12 Pages  
  Keywords transport; overflow water; Nordic Seas; North Atlantic Deep Water; Irminger Sea; Reykjanes Ridge  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0148-0227 ISBN Medium  
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  Call Number COAPS @ mfield @ Serial 367  
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Author (up) Yan, Y.; Chassignet, E.P.; Qi, Y.; Dewar, W.K. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Freshening of Subsurface Waters in the Northwest Pacific Subtropical Gyre: Observations and Dynamics Type $loc['typeJournal Article']
  Year 2013 Publication Journal of Physical Oceanography Abbreviated Journal J. Phys. Oceanogr.  
  Volume 43 Issue 12 Pages 2733-2751  
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  ISSN 0022-3670 ISBN Medium  
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  Call Number COAPS @ mfield @ Serial 178  
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Author (up) Zavala-Romero, O.; Ahmed, A.; Chassignet, E.P.; Zavala-Hidalgo, J.; Fernández Eguiarte, A.; Meyer-Baese, A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title An open source Java web application to build self-contained web GIS sites Type $loc['typeJournal Article']
  Year 2014 Publication Environmental Modelling & Software Abbreviated Journal Environmental Modelling & Software  
  Volume 62 Issue Pages 210-220  
  Keywords Web GIS; Open geospatial consortium; OpenLayers; GeoServer; ncWMS; GIS; NetCDF  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1364-8152 ISBN Medium  
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  Call Number COAPS @ mfield @ Serial 154  
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Author (up) Zeng, L.; Chassignet, E.P.; Schmitt, R.W.; Xu, X.; Wang, D. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Salinification in the South China Sea Since Late 2012: A Reversal of the Freshening Since the 1990s Type $loc['typeJournal Article']
  Year 2018 Publication Geophysical Research Letters Abbreviated Journal Geophys. Res. Lett.  
  Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 2744-2751  
  Keywords South China Sea; salinification; Argo floats; Aquarius; SMAP; PDO  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0094-8276 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Funding Approved $loc['no']  
  Call Number COAPS @ mfield @ Serial 853  
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