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| Author | Ali, M.; Singh, N.; Kumar, M.; Zheng, Y.; Bourassa, M.; Kishtawal, C.; Rao, C. | ||||
| Title | Dominant Modes of Upper Ocean Heat Content in the North Indian Ocean | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Climate | Abbreviated Journal | Climate |
| Volume | 6 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 71 |
| Keywords | ocean heat content; tropical cyclone heat potential; dominant modes; North Indian Ocean; SUMMER MONSOON; INTENSIFICATION; INTENSITY; PACIFIC | ||||
| Abstract | The thermal energy needed for the development of hurricanes and monsoons as well as any prolonged marine weather event comes from layers in the upper oceans, not just from the thin layer represented by sea surface temperature alone. Ocean layers have different modes of thermal energy variability because of the different time scales of ocean-atmosphere interaction. Although many previous studies have focused on the influence of upper ocean heat content (OHC) on tropical cyclones and monsoons, no study thus farparticularly in the North Indian Ocean (NIO)has specifically concluded the types of dominant modes in different layers of the ocean. In this study, we examined the dominant modes of variability of OHC of seven layers in the NIO during 1998-2014. We conclude that the thermal variability in the top 50 m of the ocean had statistically significant semiannual and annual modes of variability, while the deeper layers had the annual mode alone. Time series of OHC for the top four layers were analyzed separately for the NIO, Arabian Sea, and Bay of Bengal. For the surface to 50 m layer, the lowest and the highest values of OHC were present in January and May every year, respectively, which was mainly caused by the solar radiation cycle. | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2225-1154 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ rl18 @ | Serial | 986 | ||
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| Author | Bhowmick, S. A.; Agarwal, N.; Ali, M. M.; Kishtawal, C. M.; Sharma, R. | ||||
| Title | Role of ocean heat content in boosting post-monsoon tropical storms over Bay of Bengal during La-Nina events | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Climate Dynamics | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 52 | Issue | 12 | Pages | 7225-7234 |
| Keywords | La-Niña; Bay of Bengal; Tropical cyclones; Ocean heat content | ||||
| Abstract | This study aims to analyze the role of ocean heat content in boosting the post-monsoon cyclonic activities over Bay of Bengal during La-Niña events. In strong La-Niña years, accumulated cyclone energy in Bay of Bengal is much more as compared to any other year. It is observed that during late June to October of moderate to strong La-Nina years, western Pacific is warmer. Sea surface temperature anomaly of western Pacific Ocean clearly indicates the presence of relatively warmer water mass in the channel connecting the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean, situated above Australia. Ocean currents transport the heat zonally from Pacific to South eastern Indian Ocean. Excess heat of the southern Indian Ocean is eventually transported to eastern equatorial Indian Ocean through strong geostrophic component of ocean current. By September the northward transport of this excess heat from eastern equatorial Indian Ocean to Bay of Bengal takes place during La-Nina years boosting the cyclonic activities thereafter. | ||||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ mfield @ | Serial | 71 | ||
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| Author | DiNapoli, S | ||||
| Title | Determining the Error Characteristics of H*WIND | Type | $loc['typeManuscript'] | ||
| Year | 2010 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Hurricane, Tropical Cyclones, Wind Analysis, Uncertainty | ||||
| Abstract | The HRD Real-time Hurricane Wind Analysis System (H*Wind) is a software application used by NOAA's Hurricane Research Division to create a gridded tropical cyclone wind analysis based on a wide range of observations. One application of H*Wind fields is calibration of scatterometers for high wind speed environments. Unfortunately, the accuracy of the H*Wind product has not been studied extensively, and therefore the accuracy of scatterometer calibrations in these environments is also unknown. This investigation seeks to determine the uncertainty in the H*Wind product and estimate the contributions of several potential error sources. These error sources include random observation errors, relative bias between different data types, temporal drift resulting from combining non-simultaneous measurements, and smoothing and interpolation errors in the H*Wind software. The effects of relative bias between different data types and random observation errors are determined by performing statistical calculations on the observed wind speeds. We show that in the absence of large biases, the total contribution of all error sources results in an uncertainty of approximately 7% near the storm center, which increases to nearly 15% near the tropical storm force wind radius. The H*Wind analysis algorithm is found to introduce a positive bias to the wind speeds near the storm center, where the analyzed wind speeds are enhanced to match the highest observations. In addition, spectral analyses are performed to ensure that the filter wavelength of the final analysis product matches user specifications. With increased knowledge of these error sources and their effects, researchers will have a better understanding of the uncertainty in the H*Wind product, and can then judge the suitability of H*Wind for various research applications | ||||
| Address | Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | $loc['Master's thesis'] | |||
| Publisher | Florida State University | Place of Publication | Tallahassee, FL | Editor | |
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ mfield @ | Serial | 574 | ||
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| Author | Glazer, R. H. | ||||
| Title | The Influence of Mesoscale Sea Surface Temperature Gradients on Tropical Cyclones | Type | $loc['typeManuscript'] | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Air-Sea Interaction; Numerical Modeling; Sea Surface Temperature; Tropical Cyclones; Tropical Meteorology | ||||
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| Address | Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | $loc['Master's thesis'] | |||
| Publisher | Florida State University | Place of Publication | Tallahassee, FL | Editor | |
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ mfield @ | Serial | 161 | ||
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| Author | Guimond, S. R. | ||||
| Title | A diagnostic study of the effects of trough interactions on tropical cyclone QPF. | Type | $loc['typeManuscript'] | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Satellites, Precipitation, Tropical Cyclones, Troughs | ||||
| Abstract | A composite study is presented analyzing the influence of upper-tropospheric troughs on the evolution of precipitation in twelve Atlantic tropical cyclones (TCs) between the years 2000 � 2005. The TRMM Multi-Satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) is used to examine the enhancement of precipitation within a 24 h window centered on trough interaction (TI) time in a shear-vector relative coordinate system. Eddy angular momentum flux convergence (EFC) computed from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) operational analyses is employed to objectively determine the initiation of a TI while adding insight, along with vertical wind shear, into the intensification of TC vortices. The relative roles of the dynamics (EFC and vertical wind shear) and thermodynamics (moist static energy potential) in TIs are outlined in the context of precipitation enhancement that provides quantitative insight into the “good trough”/“bad trough” paradigm. The largest precipitation rates and enhancements are found in the down-shear left quadrant of the storm, consistent with previous studies of convective asymmetries. Maximum mean enhancement values of 1.4 mm/h are found at the 200 km radius in the down-shear left quadrant. Results indicate that the largest precipitation enhancements occur with “medium” TIs; comprised of EFC values between 17 � 22 (m/s)/day and vertical wind shear Sensitivity tests on the upper vertical wind shear boundary reveal the importance of using the tropopause for wind shear computations when a TC enters mid-latitude regions. Changes in radial mean precipitation ranging from 29 � 40 % across all storm quadrants are found when using the tropopause as the upper boundary on the shear vector. Tests on the lower boundary using QuikSCAT ocean surface wind vectors expose large sensitivities on the precipitation ranging from 42 � 60 % indicating that the standard level of 850 hPa, outside of the boundary layer in most storms, is more physically reliable for computing vertical wind shear. These results should help to improve TC quantitative precipitation forecasting (QPF) as operational forecasters routinely rely on crude statistical methods and rules of thumb for forecasting TC precipitation. | ||||
| Address | Department of Meteorology | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | $loc['Master's thesis'] | |||
| Publisher | Florida State University | Place of Publication | Tallahassee, FL | Editor | |
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| Funding | NASA, OVWST | Approved | $loc['no'] | ||
| Call Number | COAPS @ mfield @ | Serial | 610 | ||
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| Author | Hart, R.E.; Maue, R.N.; Watson, M.C. | ||||
| Title | Estimating Local Memory of Tropical Cyclones through MPI Anomaly Evolution | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Monthly Weather Review | Abbreviated Journal | Mon. Wea. Rev. |
| Volume | 135 | Issue | 12 | Pages | 3990-4005 |
| Keywords | Hurricanes; Tropical cyclones; Sea surface temperature; Stability | ||||
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| ISSN | 0027-0644 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ mfield @ | Serial | 698 | ||
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| Author | Holbach, H.M.; Bourassa, M.A. | ||||
| Title | The Effects of Gap-Wind-Induced Vorticity, the Monsoon Trough, and the ITCZ on East Pacific Tropical Cyclogenesis | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | Monthly Weather Review | Abbreviated Journal | Mon. Wea. Rev. |
| Volume | 142 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 1312-1325 |
| Keywords | Central America; Remote sensing; Vorticity; Valley/mountain flows; Tropical cyclones; Cyclogenesis/cyclolysis | ||||
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| ISSN | 0027-0644 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ mfield @ | Serial | 130 | ||
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| Author | Holbach, H.M.; Uhlhorn, E.W.; Bourassa, M.A. | ||||
| Title | Off-Nadir SFMR Brightness Temperature Measurements in High-Wind Conditions | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology | Abbreviated Journal | J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. |
| Volume | 35 | Issue | 9 | Pages | 1865-1879 |
| Keywords | Tropical cyclones; Wind; Air-sea interaction; Microwave observations; Remote sensing; Surface observations | ||||
| Abstract | Wind and wave-breaking directions are investigated as potential sources of an asymmetry identified in off-nadir remotely sensed measurements of ocean surface brightness temperatures obtained by the Stepped Frequency Microwave Radiometer (SFMR) in high-wind conditions, including in tropical cyclones. Surface wind speed, which dynamically couples the atmosphere and ocean, can be inferred from SFMR ocean surface brightness temperature measurements using a radiative transfer model and an inversion algorithm. The accuracy of the ocean surface brightness temperature to wind speed calibration relies on accurate knowledge of the surface variables that are influencing the ocean surface brightness temperature. Previous studies have identified wind direction signals in horizontally polarized radiometer measurements in low to moderate (0�20 m s−1) wind conditions over a wide range of incidence angles. This study finds that the azimuthal asymmetry in the off-nadir SFMR brightness temperature measurements is also likely a function of wind direction and extends the results of these previous studies to high-wind conditions. The off-nadir measurements from the SFMR provide critical data for improving the understanding of the relationships between brightness temperature, surface wave�breaking direction, and surface wind vectors at various incidence angles, which is extremely useful for the development of geophysical model functions for instruments like the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD). | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0739-0572 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ rl18 @ | Serial | 980 | ||
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| Author | LaRow, T. | ||||
| Title | An analysis of tropical cyclones impacting the Southeast United States from a regional reanalysis | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Regional Environmental Change | Abbreviated Journal | Reg Environ Change |
| Volume | 13 | Issue | S1 | Pages | 35-43 |
| Keywords | Dynamical downscaling; Tropical cyclones; Regional reanalysis | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1436-3798 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ mfield @ | Serial | 188 | ||
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| Author | Maue, R | ||||
| Title | Warm Seclusion Extratropical Cyclones | Type | $loc['typeManuscript'] | ||
| Year | 2010 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Tropical Cyclone, Extratropical Cyclone, Climatology, Warm Seclusion | ||||
| Abstract | The warm seclusion or mature stage of the extratropical cyclone lifecycle often has structural characteristics reminiscent of major tropical cyclones including eye-like moats of calm air at the barotropic warm-core center surrounded by hurricane force winds along the bent-back warm front. Many extratropical cyclones experience periods of explosive intensification or deepening (bomb) as a result of nonlinear dynamical feedbacks associated with latent heat release. Considerable dynamical structure changes occur during short time periods of several hours in which lower stratospheric and upper-tropospheric origin potential vorticity combines with ephemeral lower-tropospheric, diabatically generated potential vorticity to form a coherent, upright tower circulation. At the center, anomalously warm and moist air relative to the surrounding environment is secluded and may exist for days into the future. Even with the considerable body of research conducted during the last century, many questions remain concerning the warm seclusion process. The focus of this work is on the diagnosis, climatology, and synoptic-dynamic development of the warm seclusion and surrounding flank of intense winds. To develop a climatology of warm seclusion and explosive extratropical cyclones, current long-period reanalysis datasets are utilized along with storm tracking procedures and cyclone phase space diagnostics. Limitations of the reanalysis products are discussed with special focus on tropical cyclone diagnosis and the recent dramatic decrease in global accumulated tropical cyclone energy. A large selection of case studies is simulated with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) mesoscale model using full-physics and “fake dry” adiabatic runs in order to capture the very fast warm seclusion development. Results are presented concerning the critical role of latent heat release and the combination of advective and diabatically generated potential vorticity in the generation of the coherent tower circulation characteristic of the warm seclusion. To motivate future research, issues related to predictability are discussed with focus on medium-range forecasts of varying extratropical cyclone lifecycles. Additional work is presented relating tropical cyclones and large-scale climate variability with special emphasis on the abrupt and dramatic decline in recent global tropical cyclone accumulated cyclone energy. | ||||
| Address | Department of Meteorology | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | $loc['Ph.D. thesis'] | |||
| Publisher | Florida State University | Place of Publication | Tallahassee, FL | Editor | |
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ mfield @ | Serial | 570 | ||
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