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| Author | Nyadjro, E.S.; Rydbeck, A.V.; Jensen, T.G.; Richman, J.G.; Shriver, J.F. | ||||
| Title | On the Generation and Salinity Impacts of Intraseasonal Westward Jets in the Equatorial Indian Ocean | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans | Abbreviated Journal | J. Geophys. Res. Oceans |
| Volume | 125 | Issue | 6 | Pages | e2020JC016066 |
| Keywords | ndian Ocean; intraseasonal variability; westward Jet; intraseasonal oscillations; mixed layer salinity; surface currents | ||||
| Abstract | While westerly winds dominate the equatorial Indian Ocean and generate the well‐known eastward flowing Wyrtki Jets during boreal spring and fall, there is evidence of a strong westward surface jet during winter that is swifter than eastward currents during that season. A weaker westward jet is found in summer. In this study, we report the occurrence, characteristics, and intraseasonal variability of this westward jet and its impact on mixed layer salinity in the equatorial Indian Ocean using the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) reanalysis with the Navy Coupled Ocean Data Assimilation (NCODA). The westward jet typically occurs in the upper 50 m, above an eastward flowing equatorial undercurrent, with peak westward volume transport of approximately −8 Sv. The westward jet builds up gradually, decays rapidly, and is primarily forced by local intraseasonal wind stress anomalies generated by atmospheric intraseasonal convection. Westward acceleration of the jet occurs when the dominant intraseasonal westward wind anomaly is not balanced by the zonal pressure gradient (ZPG) force. The intraseasonal westward jet generates strong horizontal advection and is the leading cause of mixed layer freshening in the western equatorial Indian Ocean. Without it, a saltier mixed layer would persist and weaken any barrier layers. Existing barrier layers are strengthened following the passage of freshwater‐laden westward jets. Deceleration of the westward jet occurs when the eastward ZPG becomes increasingly important and the westward intraseasonal wind anomalies weaken. A rapid reversal of atmospheric intraseasonal convection‐driven surface winds eventually terminates the westward jet. | ||||
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| ISSN | 2169-9275 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1118 | ||
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| Author | Parfitt, R.; Ummenhofer, C.C.; Buckley, B.M.; Hansen, K.G.; D'Arrigo, R.D. | ||||
| Title | Distinct seasonal climate drivers revealed in a network of tree-ring records from Labrador, Canada | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Climate Dynamics | Abbreviated Journal | Clim Dyn |
| Volume | 54 | Issue | 3-4 | Pages | 1897-1911 |
| Keywords | BLUE INTENSITY; LATEWOOD DENSITY; TEMPERATURE; DENDROCLIMATOLOGY; PRECIPITATION; STANDARDIZATION; VARIABILITY; NUNATSIAVUT; TRENDS; GULF | ||||
| Abstract | Traditionally, high-latitude dendroclimatic studies have focused on measurements of total ring width (RW), with the maximum density of the latewood (MXD) serving as a complementary variable. Whilst MXD has typically improved the strength of the growing season climate connection over that of RW, its measurements are costly and time-consuming. Recently, a less costly and more time-efficient technique to extract density measurements has emerged, based on lignin's propensity to absorb blue light. This Blue Intensity (BI) methodology is based on image analyses of finely-sanded core samples, and the relative ease with which density measurements can be extracted allows for significant increases in spatio-temporal sample depth. While some studies have attempted to combine RW and MXD as predictors for summer temperature reconstructions, here we evaluate a systematic comparison of the climate signal for RW and latewood BI (LWBI) separately, using a recently updated and expanded tree ring database for Labrador, Canada. We demonstrate that while RW responds primarily to climatic drivers earlier in the growing season (January-April), LWBI is more responsive to climate conditions during late spring and summer (May-August). Furthermore, RW appears to be driven primarily by large-scale atmospheric dynamics associated with the Pacific North American pattern, whilst LWBI is more closely associated with local climate conditions, themselves linked to the behaviour of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. Lastly, we demonstrate that anomalously wide or narrow growth rings consistently respond to the same climate drivers as average growth years, whereas the sensitivity of LWBI to extreme climate conditions appears to be enhanced. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0930-7575 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1119 | ||
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| Author | Rahaman, H.; Srinivasu, U.; Panickal, S.; Durgadoo, J.V.; Griffies, S.M.; Ravichandran, M.; Bozec, A.; Cherchi, A.; Voldoire, A.; Sidorenko, D..; Chassignet, E.P.; Danabasoglu, G.; Tsujino, H.; Getzlaff, K.; Ilicak, M.; Bentsen, M.; Long, M.C.; Fogli, P.G.; Farneti, R.; Danilov, S.; Marsland, S.J.; Valcke, S.; Yeager, S.G.; Wang, Q. | ||||
| Title | An assessment of the Indian Ocean mean state and seasonal cycle in a suite of interannual CORE-II simulations | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Ocean Modelling | Abbreviated Journal | Ocean Modelling |
| Volume | 145 | Issue | Pages | ||
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| ISSN | 1463-5003 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1087 | ||
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| Author | Roberts, M.J.; Jackson, L.C.; Roberts, C.D.; Meccia, V.; Docquier, D.; Koenigk, T.; Ortega, P.; Moreno‐ Chamarro, E.; Bellucci, A.; Coward, A.; Drijfhout, S.; Exarchou, E.; Gutjahr, O.; Hewitt, H.; Iovino, D.; Lohmann, K.; Putrasahan, D.; Schiemann, R.; Seddon, J.; Terray, L.; Xu, X.; Zhang, Q.; Chang, P.; Yeager, S.G.; Castruccio, F.S.; Zhang. C.; Wu, L. | ||||
| Title | Sensitivity of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation to Model Resolution in CMIP6 HighResMIP Simulations and Implications for Future Changes | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems | Abbreviated Journal | J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst. |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | Accepted | ||
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| Abstract | A multi‐model, multi‐resolution ensemble using CMIP6 HighResMIP coupled experiments is used to assess the performance of key aspects of the North Atlantic circulation. The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), and related heat transport, tends to become stronger as ocean model resolution is enhanced, better agreeing with observations at 26.5°N. However for most models the circulation remains too shallow compared to observations, and has a smaller temperature contrast between the northward and southward limbs of the AMOC. These biases cause the northward heat transport to be systematically too low for a given overturning strength. The higher resolution models also tend to have too much deep mixing in the subpolar gyre. In the period 2015‐2050 the overturning circulation tends to decline more rapidly in the higher resolution models, which is related to both the mean state and to the subpolar gyre contribution to deep water formation. The main part of the decline comes from the Florida Current component of the circulation. Such large declines in AMOC are not seen in the models with resolutions more typically used for climate studies, suggesting an enhanced risk for Northern Hemisphere climate change. However, only a small number of different ocean models are included in the study. |
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| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1109 | ||
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| Author | Stukel, M.R.; Barbeau, K.A. | ||||
| Title | Investigating the Nutrient Landscape in a Coastal Upwelling Region and Its Relationship to the Biological Carbon Pump | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Geophysical Research Letters | Abbreviated Journal | Geophys. Res. Lett. |
| Volume | 47 | Issue | 6 | Pages | e2020GL087351 |
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| Abstract | We investigated nutrient patterns and their relationship to vertical carbon export using results from 38 Lagrangian experiments in the California Current Ecosystem. The dominant mode of variability reflected onshore-offshore nutrient gradients. A secondary mode of variability was correlated with silica excess and dissolved iron and likely reflects regional patterns of iron-limitation. The biological carbon pump was enhanced in high nutrient and Fe-stressed regions. Patterns in the nutrient landscape proved to be better predictors of the vertical flux of sinking particles than contemporaneous measurements of net primary production. Our results suggest an important role for Fe-stressed diatoms in vertical carbon flux. They also suggest that either preferential recycling of N or non-Redfieldian nutrient uptake by diatoms may lead to high PO:NO and Si(OH):NO ratios, following export of P- and Si-enriched organic matter. Increased export following Fe-stress may partially explain inverse relationships between net primary productivity and export efficiency. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0094-8276 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1112 | ||
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| Author | Vinayachandran, P. N.; Davidson, Fraser; Chassignet, E. P. | ||||
| Title | Towards joint assessments, modern capabilities and new links for ocean prediction systems | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society | Abbreviated Journal | Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. |
| Volume | 101 | Issue | 4 | Pages | |
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| Abstract | Approximately 260 individuals from forecasting centers, research laboratories, academia, and industry representing 40 countries met to discuss recent developments in operational oceanography and brainstorm about the future directions of ocean prediction services. | ||||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1091 | ||
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| Author | Wang, S.; Kranz, S.A.; Kelly, T.B.; Song, H.; Stukel, M.R.; Cassar, N. | ||||
| Title | Lagrangian Studies of Net Community Production: The Effect of Diel and Multiday Nonsteady State Factors and Vertical Fluxes on O2/Ar in a Dynamic Upwelling Region | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences | Abbreviated Journal | J. Geophys. Res. Biogeosci. |
| Volume | 125 | Issue | 6 | Pages | e2019JG005569 |
| Keywords | net community production; O2/Ar; California Current Ecosystem; Lagrangian measurements; vertical fluxes; nonsteady state | ||||
| Abstract | The ratio of dissolved oxygen to argon in seawater is frequently employed to estimate rates of net community production (NCP) in the oceanic mixed layer. The in situ O2/Ar‐based method accounts for many physical factors that influence oxygen concentrations, permitting isolation of the biological oxygen signal produced by the balance of photosynthesis and respiration. However, this technique traditionally relies upon several assumptions when calculating the mixed‐layer O2/Ar budget, most notably the absence of vertical fluxes of O2/Ar and the principle that the air‐sea gas exchange of biological oxygen closely approximates net productivity rates. Employing a Lagrangian study design and leveraging data outputs from a regional physical oceanographic model, we conducted in situ measurements of O2/Ar in the California Current Ecosystem in spring 2016 and summer 2017 to evaluate these assumptions within a �worst‐case� field environment. Quantifying vertical fluxes, incorporating nonsteady state changes in O2/Ar, and comparing NCP estimates evaluated over several day versus longer timescales, we find differences in NCP metrics calculated over different time intervals to be considerable, also observing significant potential effects from vertical fluxes, particularly advection. Additionally, we observe strong diel variability in O2/Ar and NCP rates at multiple stations. Our results reemphasize the importance of accounting for vertical fluxes when interpreting O2/Ar‐derived NCP data and the potentially large effect of nonsteady state conditions on NCP evaluated over shorter timescales. In addition, diel cycles in surface O2/Ar can also bias interpretation of NCP data based on local productivity and the time of day when measurements were made. | ||||
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| ISSN | 2169-8953 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1114 | ||
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| Author | Xu, X.; Chassignet, E.P.; Firing, Y.L.; Donohue, K. | ||||
| Title | Antarctic Circumpolar Current transport through Drake Passage: What can we learn from comparing high-resolution model results to observations? | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans | Abbreviated Journal | J. Geophys. Res. Oceans |
| Volume | 125 | Issue | 7 | Pages | |
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| Abstract | Uncertainty exists in the time‐mean total transport of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), the world�s strongest ocean current. The two most recent observational programs in Drake Passage, DRAKE and cDrake, yielded transports of 141 and 173.3 Sv, respectively. In this paper, we use a realistic 1/12° global ocean simulation to interpret these observational estimates and reconcile their differences. We first show that the modeled ACC transport in the upper 1000 m is in excellent agreement with repeat shipboard acoustic Doppler current profiler (SADCP) transects and that the exponentially decaying transport profile in the model is consistent with the profile derived from repeat hydrographic data. By further comparing the model results to the cDrake and DRAKE observations, we argue that the modeled 157.3 Sv transport, i.e. approximately the average of the cDrake and DRAKE estimates, is actually representative of the time‐mean ACC transport through the Drake Passage. The cDrake experiment overestimated the barotropic contribution in part because the array undersampled the deep recirculation southwest of the Shackleton Fracture Zone, whereas the surface geostrophic currents used in the DRAKE estimate yielded a weaker near‐surface transport than implied by the SADCP data. We also find that the modeled baroclinic and barotropic transports are not correlated, thus monitoring either baroclinic or barotropic transport alone may be insufficient to assess the temporal variability of the total ACC transport. | ||||
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| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1107 | ||
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| Author | Zou, S.; Bower, A.; Furey, H.; Susan Lozier, M.; Xu, X. | ||||
| Title | Redrawing the Iceland-Scotland Overflow Water pathways in the North Atlantic | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | Nat Commun | |
| Volume | 11 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 1890 |
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| Abstract | Iceland-Scotland Overflow Water (ISOW) is a primary deep water mass exported from the Norwegian Sea into the North Atlantic as part of the global Meridional Overturning Circulation. ISOW has historically been depicted as flowing counter-clockwise in a deep boundary current around the subpolar North Atlantic, but this single-boundary-following pathway is being challenged by new Lagrangian observations and model simulations. We show here that ISOW leaves the boundary and spreads into the interior towards the central Labrador and Irminger basins after flowing through the Charlie-Gibbs Fracture Zone. We also describe a newly observed southward pathway of ISOW along the western flank of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The partitioning of these pathways is shown to be influenced by deep-reaching eddies and meanders of the North Atlantic Current. Our results, in tandem with previous studies, call for a revision in the historical depiction of ISOW pathways throughout the North Atlantic. | ||||
| Address | Center for Ocean-Atmosphere Prediction Studies, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 2041-1723 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Funding | strtoupper('3').strtolower('2313002'); strtoupper('P').strtolower('MC7170894') | Approved | $loc['no'] | ||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1105 | ||
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| Author | Zou, S.; Lozier, M.S.; Xu, X. | ||||
| Title | Latitudinal Structure of the Meridional Overturning Circulation Variability on Interannual to Decadal Time Scales in the North Atlantic Ocean | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Journal of Climate | Abbreviated Journal | J. Climate |
| Volume | 33 | Issue | 9 | Pages | 3845-3862 |
| Keywords | Deep convection; Ocean circulation; Thermocline circulation | ||||
| Abstract | The latitudinal structure of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) variability in the North Atlantic is investigated using numerical results from three ocean circulation simulations over the past four to five decades. We show that AMOC variability south of the Labrador Sea (53°N) to 25°N can be decomposed into a latitudinally coherent component and a gyre-opposing component. The latitudinally coherent component contains both decadal and interannual variabilities. The coherent decadal AMOC variability originates in the subpolar region and is reflected by the zonal density gradient in that basin. It is further shown to be linked to persistent North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) conditions in all three models. The interannual AMOC variability contained in the latitudinally coherent component is shown to be driven by westerlies in the transition region between the subpolar and the subtropical gyre (40°–50°N), through significant responses in Ekman transport. Finally, the gyre-opposing component principally varies on interannual time scales and responds to local wind variability related to the annual NAO. The contribution of these components to the total AMOC variability is latitude-dependent: 1) in the subpolar region, all models show that the latitudinally coherent component dominates AMOC variability on interannual to decadal time scales, with little contribution from the gyre-opposing component, and 2) in the subtropical region, the gyre-opposing component explains a majority of the interannual AMOC variability in two models, while in the other model, the contributions from the coherent and the gyre-opposing components are comparable. These results provide a quantitative decomposition of AMOC variability across latitudes and shed light on the linkage between different AMOC variability components and atmospheric forcing mechanisms. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0894-8755 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1106 | ||
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