Gouillon, F., Dukhovskoy, D. D., Morey, S. L., & O'Brien, J. J. (2006). Modeling tides in a semi-enclosed basin: A case study of the Gulf of Mexico (J. Cote, Ed.). Research Activities in Atmospheric and Ocean Modeling, Report No. 36. Geneva, Switzerland,: World Meteorological Organization.
Gould, W. J., & Smith, S. R. (2006). Research vessels: Underutilized assets for climate observations. Eos Trans. AGU , 87 (22), 214.
Guimond, S. R., Turk, J., Blankenship, C., & Hawkins, J. (2006). Detecting tropical cyclone structural change with the TRMM Precipitation Radar (PR) and Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU). In 86th Annual American Meteorological Society Meeting, Office of Naval Research, Atlanta, Georgia, USA .
Henson, J. I., Muller-Karger, F., Wilson, D., Morey, S. L., Maul, G. A., Luther, M., et al. (2006). Strategic geographic positioning of sea level gauges to aid in early detection of tsunamis in the Intra-Americas Sea. Science of Tsunami Hazards , 25 (3), 173–207.
Hite, M. M. (2006). Vorticity-Based Detection of Tropical Cyclogenesis . Master's thesis, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL.
Abstract: Ocean wind vectors from the SeaWinds scatterometer on QuikSCAT and GOES imagery are used to develop an objective technique that can detect and monitor tropical disturbances associated with the early stages of tropical cyclogenesis in the Atlantic basin. The technique is based on identification of surface vorticity and wind speed signatures that exceed certain threshold magnitudes, with vorticity averaged over an appropriate spatial scale. The threshold values applied herein are determined from the precursors of 15 tropical cyclones during the 1999-2004 Atlantic hurricane seasons using research-quality QuikSCAT data. Tropical disturbances are found for these cases within a range of 19 hours to 101 hours before classification as tropical cyclones by the National Hurricane Center (NHC). The 15 cases are further subdivided based upon their origination source (i.e., easterly wave, upper-level cut-off low, stagnant frontal zone, etc). Primary focus centers on the cases associated with tropical waves, since these waves account for approximately 63% of all Atlantic tropical cyclones. The detection technique illustrates the ability to track these tropical disturbances from near the coast of Africa. Analysis of the pre-tropical cyclone (TC) tracks for these cases depict stages, related to wind speed and precipitation, in the evolution of an easterly wave to tropical cyclone.
Hite, M. M., Bourassa, M. A., & O'Brien, J. J. (2006). Vorticity-Based Detection Of Tropical Cyclones. In 14th Conference on Interactions of the Sea and Atmosphere, American Meteorological Society, Atlanta, Ga, USA (cdrom).
Hite, M., Bourassa, M. A., & O'Brien, J. J. (2006). Objective detection of Atlantic tropical disturbances. In 14th Conference on Interactions of the Sea and Atmosphere, AMS, Monterey, CA, USA (cdrom).
Hughes, P. J. (2006). North Atlantic Decadal Variability of Ocean Surface Fluxes . Master's thesis, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL.
Abstract: The spatial and temporal variability of the surface turbulent heat fluxes over the North Atlantic is examined using the new objectively produced FSU3 monthly mean 1°x1° gridded wind and surface flux product for 1978-2003. The FSU3 product is constructed from in situ ship and buoy observations via a variational technique. A cost function based on weighted constraints is minimized in the process of determining the surface fluxes. The analysis focuses on a low frequency (basin wide) mode of variability where the latent and sensible heat flux anomalies transition from mainly positive to negative values around 1998. It is hypothesized that the longer time scale variability is linked to changes in the large scale circulation patterns possibly associated with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO; Schlesinger and Ramankutty 1994, Kerr 2000). The changes in the surface heat fluxes are forced by fluctuations in the mean wind speed. Zonal averages show a clear dissimilarity between the turbulent heat fluxes and wind speed for 1982-1997 and 1998-2003 over the region extending from the equator to roughly 40°N. Larger values are associated with the earlier time period, coinciding with a cool phase of the AMO. The separation between the two time periods is much less evident for the humidity and air/sea temperature differences. The largest differences in the latent heat fluxes, between the two time periods, occur over the tropical, Gulf Stream, and higher latitude regions of the North Atlantic, with magnitudes exceeding 15 Wm-2. The largest sensible heat flux differences are limited to areas along the New England coast and poleward of 40°N.
Hughes, P. J., Bourassa, M. A., Rolph, J., & Smith, S. R. (2006). Interdecadal Variability of Surface Heat Fluxes Over the Atlantic Ocean (J. Cote, Ed.). CAS/JSC Working Group on Numerical Experimentation, Research Activities in Atmospheric and Oceanic Modeling. World Meteorological Organization.
Josey, S. A., & Smith, S. R. (2006). Guidelines for evaluation of air-sea heat, freshwater, and momentum flux datasets . Southampton, UK: National Oceanography Center.
