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| Author | Kent, E.C.; Rayner, N.A.; Berry, D.I.; Eastman, R.; Grigorieva, V.G.; Huang, B.; Kennedy, J.J.; Smith, S.R.; Willett, K.M. | ||||
| Title | Observing Requirements for Long-Term Climate Records at the Ocean Surface | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Frontiers in Marine Science | Abbreviated Journal | Front. Mar. Sci. |
| Volume | 6 | Issue | Pages | 441 | |
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| Abstract | Observations of conditions at the ocean surface have been made for centuries, contributing to some of the longest instrumental records of climate change. Most prominent is the climate data record (CDR) of sea surface temperature (SST), which is itself essential to the majority of activities in climate science and climate service provision. A much wider range of surface marine observations is available however, providing a rich source of data on past climate. We present a general error model describing the characteristics of observations used for the construction of climate records, illustrating the importance of multi-variate records with rich metadata for reducing uncertainty in CDRs. We describe the data and metadata requirements for the construction of stable, multi-century marine CDRs for variables important for describing the changing climate: SST, mean sea level pressure, air temperature, humidity, winds, clouds, and waves. Available sources of surface marine data are reviewed in the context of the error model. We outline the need for a range of complementary observations, including very high quality observations at a limited number of locations and also observations that sample more broadly but with greater uncertainty. We describe how high-resolution modern records, particularly those of high-quality, can help to improve the quality of observations throughout the historical record. We recommend the extension of internationally-coordinated data management and curation to observation types that do not have a primary focus of the construction of climate records. Also recommended is reprocessing the existing surface marine climate archive to improve and quantify data and metadata quality and homogeneity. We also recommend the expansion of observations from research vessels and high quality moorings, routine observations from ships and from data and metadata rescue. Other priorities include: field evaluation of sensors; resources for the process of establishing user requirements and determining whether requirements are being met; and research to estimate uncertainty, quantify biases and to improve methods of construction of CDRs. The requirements developed in this paper encompass specific actions involving a variety of stakeholders, including funding agencies, scientists, data managers, observing network operators, satellite agencies, and international co-ordination bodies. | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2296-7745 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1040 | ||
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| Author | Kim, D.; Lee, S.-K.; Lopez, H.; Foltz, G.R.; Misra, V.; Kumar, A. | ||||
| Title | On the Role of Pacific-Atlantic SST Contrast and Associated Caribbean Sea Convection in August-October U.S. Regional Rainfall Variability | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Geophysical Research Letters | Abbreviated Journal | Geophys. Res. Lett. |
| Volume | 47 | Issue | 11 | Pages | |
| Keywords | Pacific‐ Atlantic SST interaction; Atlantic Warm pool; Caribbean Sea; U.S. precipitation | ||||
| Abstract | This study investigates the large‐scale atmospheric processes that lead to U.S. precipitation variability in late summer to midfall (August–October; ASO) and shows that the well‐recognized relationship between North Atlantic Subtropical High and U.S. precipitation in peak summer (June–August) significantly weakens in ASO. The working hypothesis derived from our analysis is that in ASO convective activity in the Caribbean Sea, modulated by the tropical Pacific‐Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly contrast, directly influences the North American Low‐Level Jet and thus U.S. precipitation east of the Rockies, through a Gill‐type response. This hypothesis derived from observations is strongly supported by a long‐term climate model simulation and by a linear baroclinic atmospheric model with prescribed diabatic forcings in the Caribbean Sea. This study integrates key findings from previous studies and advances a consistent physical rationale that links the Pacific‐Atlantic SST anomaly contrast, Caribbean Sea convective activity, and U.S. rainfall in ASO. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0094-8276 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1110 | ||
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| Author | Kranz, S.A.; Wang, S.; Kelly, T.B.; Stukel, M.R.; Goericke, R.; Landry, M.R.; Cassar, N. | ||||
| Title | Lagrangian Studies of Marine Production: A Multimethod Assessment of Productivity Relationships in the California Current Ecosystem Upwelling Region | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans | Abbreviated Journal | J. Geophys. Res. Oceans |
| Volume | 125 | Issue | 6 | Pages | |
| Keywords | gross primary production; long‐ term ecological research; equilibrium inlet mass spectrometry; carbon export; net community production | ||||
| Abstract | A multimethod process‐oriented investigation of diverse productivity measures in the California Current Ecosystem (CCE) Long‐Term Ecological Research study region, a complex physical environment, is presented. Seven multiday deployments covering a transition region from high to low productivity were conducted over two field expeditions (spring 2016 and summer 2017). Employing a Lagrangian study design, water parcels were followed over several days, comparing 24‐h in situ measurements (14C and 15NO3 ‐uptake, dilution estimates of phytoplankton growth, and microzooplankton grazing) with high‐resolution productivity measurements by fast repetition rate fluorometry (FRRF) and equilibrium inlet mass spectrometry (EIMS), and integrated carbon export measuremnts using sediment traps. Results show the importance of accounting for temporal and fine spatial scale variability when estimating ecosystem production. FRRF and EIMS measurements resolved diel patterns in gross primary and net community production. Diel productivity changes agreed well with comparably more traditional measurements. While differences in productivity metrics calculated over different time intervals were considerable, as those methods rely on different base assumptions, the data can be used to explain ecosystem processes which would otherwise have gone unnoticed. The processes resolved from this method comparison further understanding of temporal and spatial coupling and decoupling of surface productivity and potential carbon burial in a gradient from coastal to offshore ecosystems. | ||||
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| ISSN | 2169-9275 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1113 | ||
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| Author | Kumar, V.; Jana, S.; Bhardwaj, A.; Deepa, R.; Sahu, S.K.; Pradhan, P.K.; Sirdas, S.A. | ||||
| Title | Greenhouse Gas Emission, Rainfall and Crop Production Over North-Western India | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | The Open Ecology Journal | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 11 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 47-61 |
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| Abstract | Background: This study is based on datasets acquired from multi sources e.g. rain-gauges, satellite, reanalysis and coupled model for the region of Northwestern India. The influence of rainfall on crop production is obvious and direct. With the climate change and global warming, greenhouse gases are also showing an adverse impact on crop production. Greenhouse gases (e.g. CO2, NO2 and CH4) have shown an increasing trend over Northwestern Indian region. In recent years, rainfall has also shown an increasing trend over Northwestern India, while the production of rice and maize are reducing over the region. From eight selected sites, over Northwestern India, where rice and maize productions have reduced by 40%, with an increase in CO2, NO2 and CH4 gas emission by 5% from 1998 to 2011. Results: The correlation from one year to another between rainfall, gas emission and crop production was not very robust throughout the study period, but seemed to be stronger for some years than others. Conclusion: Such trends and crop yield are attributed to rainfall, greenhouse gas emissions and to the climate variability. | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1874-2130 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1024 | ||
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| Author | Kumar, V.; Jana, S.; Bhardwaj, A.; Deepa, R.; Sahu, S.K.; Pradhan, P.K.; Sirdas, S.A. | ||||
| Title | Greenhouse Gas Emission, Rainfall and Crop Production Over North-Western India | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | The Open Ecology Journal | Abbreviated Journal | TOECOLJ |
| Volume | 11 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 47-61 |
| Keywords | Greenhouse gases, CH4, Climate Variability, Emissions, Crop production, Rainfall. | ||||
| Abstract | Background: This study is based on datasets acquired from multi sources e.g. rain-gauges, satellite, reanalysis and coupled model for the region of Northwestern India. The influence of rainfall on crop production is obvious and direct. With the climate change and global warming, greenhouse gases are also showing an adverse impact on crop production. Greenhouse gases (e.g. CO2, NO2 and CH4) have shown an increasing trend over Northwestern Indian region. In recent years, rainfall has also shown an increasing trend over Northwestern India, while the production of rice and maize are reducing over the region. From eight selected sites, over Northwestern India, where rice and maize productions have reduced by 40%, with an increase in CO2, NO2 and CH4 gas emission by 5% from 1998 to 2011. Results: The correlation from one year to another between rainfall, gas emission and crop production was not very robust throughout the study period, but seemed to be stronger for some years than others. Conclusion: Such trends and crop yield are attributed to rainfall, greenhouse gas emissions and to the climate variability. |
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1874-2130 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1017 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Laxenaire, R., Speich, S., & Alexandre S | ||||
| Title | Evolution of the thermohaline structure of one Agulhas Ring reconstructed from satellite altimetry and Argo floats. Journal of Geophysical Research | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Oceans | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 124 | Issue | 12 | Pages | 8969-9003 |
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1096 | ||
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| Author | Lee, C.M.; Starkweather, S.; Eicken, H.; Timmermans, M.-L.; Wilkinson, J.; Sandven, S.; Dukhovskoy, D.; Gerland, S.; Grebmeier, J.; Intrieri, J.M.; Kang, S.-H.; McCammon, M.; Nguyen, A.T.; Polyakov, I.; Rabe, B.; Sagen, H.; Seeyave, S.; Volkov, D.; Beszczynska-Möller, A.; Chafik, L.; Dzieciuch, M.; Goni, G.; Hamre, T.; King, A.L.; Olsen, A.; Raj, R.P.; Rossby, T.; Skagseth, Ø.; Søiland, H.; Sørensen, K. | ||||
| Title | A Framework for the Development, Design and Implementation of a Sustained Arctic Ocean Observing System | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Frontiers in Marine Science | Abbreviated Journal | Front. Mar. Sci. |
| Volume | 6 | Issue | Pages | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2296-7745 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1044 | ||
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| Author | Liu, Q.; Tan, Z-M.; Sun, J.; Hou, Y.; Fu, C.; Wu, Z. | ||||
| Title | Changing rapid weather variability increases influenza epidemic risk in a warming climate | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Environmental Research Letters | Abbreviated Journal | Environmental Research Letters |
| Volume | 15 | Issue | 4 | Pages | |
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| Abstract | The continuing change of the Earth's climate is believed to affect the influenza viral activity and transmission in the coming decades. However, a consensus of the severity of the risk of influenza epidemic in a warming climate has not been reached. It was previously reported that the warmer winter can reduce influenza epidemic-caused mortality, but this relation cannot explain the deadly influenza epidemic in many countries over northern mid-latitudes in the winter of 2017-2018, one of the warmest winters in recent decades. Here we reveal that the widely spread 2017-2018 influenza epidemic can be attributed to the abnormally strong rapid weather variability. We demonstrate, from historical data, that the large rapid weather variability in autumn can precondition the deadly influenza epidemic in the subsequent months in highly populated northern mid-latitudes; and the influenza epidemic season of 2017-2018 was a typical case. We further show that climate model projections reach a consensus that the rapid weather variability in autumn will continue to strengthen in some regions of northern mid-latitudes in a warming climate, implying that the risk of influenza epidemic may increase 20% to 50% in some highly populated regions in later 21st century. | ||||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1070 | ||
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| Author | Liu, Y.; Tan, Z.-M.; Wu, Z. | ||||
| Title | Noninstantaneous Wave-CISK for the Interaction between Convective Heating and Low-Level Moisture Convergence in the Tropics | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences | Abbreviated Journal | J. Atmos. Sci. |
| Volume | 76 | Issue | 7 | Pages | 2083-2101 |
| Keywords | Convection; Diabatic heating; Moisture; moisture budget | ||||
| Abstract | The interaction between tropical convective heating and thermally forced circulation is investigated using a global dry primitive-equation model with the parameterization of wave-conditional instability of the second kind (CISK). It is demonstrated that deep convective heating can hardly sustain itself through the moisture convergence at low levels regardless of the fraction of immediate consumption of converged moisture. In contrast, when the fraction is large, shallow convective heating and its forced circulation exhibit preferred growth of small scales. As the “CISK catastrophe” mainly comes from the instantaneous characters of moisture-convection feedback in the conventional wave-CISK, a noninstantaneous wave-CISK is proposed, which highlights the accumulation-consumption (AC) time scale for the convective heating accumulation and/or the converged moisture consumption. In the new wave-CISK, once moisture is converged, the release of latent heat takes place gradually within an AC time scale. In this sense, convective heating is not only related to the instantaneous moisture convergence at the current time, but also to that which occurred in the past period of the AC time scale. The noninstantaneous wave-CISK could guarantee the occurrence of convective heating and/or moisture convergence at larger scales, and then favor the growth of long waves, and thus solve the problem of CISK catastrophe. With the new wave-CISK and AC time scale of 2 days, the simulated convective heating-driven system bears a large similarity to that of the observed convectively coupled Kelvin wave. | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0022-4928 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1065 | ||
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| Author | Magar, V.; Godínez, V.M.; Gross, M.S.; López-Mariscal, M.; Bermúdez-Romero, A.; Candela, J.; and Zamudio, L. | ||||
| Title | In-stream Energy by Tidal and Wind-driven Currents: An Analysis for the Gulf of California | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1101 | ||
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