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Ali, M.; Singh, N.; Kumar, M.; Zheng, Y.; Bourassa, M.; Kishtawal, C.; Rao, C. | ||||
| Title | Dominant Modes of Upper Ocean Heat Content in the North Indian Ocean | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Climate | Abbreviated Journal | Climate |
| Volume | 6 | Issue | 71 | Pages | 1 – 8 |
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| Abstract | The thermal energy needed for the development of hurricanes and monsoons as well as any prolonged marine weather event comes from layers in the upper oceans, not just from the thin layer represented by sea surface temperature alone. Ocean layers have different modes of thermal energy variability because of the different time scales of ocean–atmosphere interaction. Although many previous studies have focused on the influence of upper ocean heat content (OHC) on tropical cyclones and monsoons, no study thus far—particularly in the North Indian Ocean (NIO)—has specifically concluded the types of dominant modes in different layers of the ocean. In this study, we examined the dominant modes of variability of OHC of seven layers in the NIO during 1998–2014. We conclude that the thermal variability in the top 50 m of the ocean had statistically significant semiannual and annual modes of variability, while the deeper layers had the annual mode alone. Time series of OHC for the top four layers were analyzed separately for the NIO, Arabian Sea, and Bay of Bengal. For the surface to 50 m layer, the lowest and the highest values of OHC were present in January and May every year, respectively, which was mainly caused by the solar radiation cycle. | ||||
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2225-1154 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1030 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author |
Ali, M.; Singh, N.; Kumar, M.; Zheng, Y.; Bourassa, M.; Kishtawal, C.; Rao, C. | ||||
| Title | Dominant Modes of Upper Ocean Heat Content in the North Indian Ocean | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Climate | Abbreviated Journal | Climate |
| Volume | 6 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 71 |
| Keywords | ocean heat content; tropical cyclone heat potential; dominant modes; North Indian Ocean; SUMMER MONSOON; INTENSIFICATION; INTENSITY; PACIFIC | ||||
| Abstract | The thermal energy needed for the development of hurricanes and monsoons as well as any prolonged marine weather event comes from layers in the upper oceans, not just from the thin layer represented by sea surface temperature alone. Ocean layers have different modes of thermal energy variability because of the different time scales of ocean-atmosphere interaction. Although many previous studies have focused on the influence of upper ocean heat content (OHC) on tropical cyclones and monsoons, no study thus farparticularly in the North Indian Ocean (NIO)has specifically concluded the types of dominant modes in different layers of the ocean. In this study, we examined the dominant modes of variability of OHC of seven layers in the NIO during 1998-2014. We conclude that the thermal variability in the top 50 m of the ocean had statistically significant semiannual and annual modes of variability, while the deeper layers had the annual mode alone. Time series of OHC for the top four layers were analyzed separately for the NIO, Arabian Sea, and Bay of Bengal. For the surface to 50 m layer, the lowest and the highest values of OHC were present in January and May every year, respectively, which was mainly caused by the solar radiation cycle. | ||||
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| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2225-1154 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ rl18 @ | Serial | 986 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author |
Liu, M.; Lin, J.; Wang, Y.; Sun, Y.; Zheng, B.; Shao, J.; Chen, L.; Zheng, Y.; Chen, J.; Fu, T.-M.; Yan, Y.; Zhang, Q.; Wu, Z. | ||||
| Title | Spatiotemporal variability of NO2 and PM2.5 over Eastern China: observational and model analyses with a novel statistical method | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics | Abbreviated Journal | Atmos. Chem. Phys. |
| Volume | 18 | Issue | 17 | Pages | 12933-12952 |
| Keywords | TROPOSPHERIC NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; PROVINCIAL CAPITAL CITIES; CRITERIA AIR-POLLUTANTS; BOUNDARY-LAYER; NORTH CHINA; HILBERT SPECTRUM; UNITED-STATES; TIME-SERIES; OZONE; EMISSIONS | ||||
| Abstract | Eastern China (27-41 degrees N, 110-123 degrees E) is heavily polluted by nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter below 2.5 mu m (PM2.5), and other air pollutants. These pollutants vary on a variety of temporal and spatial scales, with many temporal scales that are nonperiodic and nonstationary, challenging proper quantitative characterization and visualization. This study uses a newly compiled EOF-EEMD analysis visualization package to evaluate the spatiotemporal variability of ground-level NO2, PM2.5, and their associations with meteorological processes over Eastern China in fall-winter 2013. Applying the package to observed hourly pollutant data reveals a primary spatial pattern representing Eastern China synchronous variation in time, which is dominated by diurnal variability with a much weaker day-to-day signal. A secondary spatial mode, representing north-south opposing changes in time with no constant period, is characterized by wind-related dilution or a buildup of pollutants from one day to another. We further evaluate simulations of nested GEOS-Chem v9-02 and WRF/CMAQ v5.0.1 in capturing the spatiotemporal variability of pollutants. GEOS-Chem underestimates NO2 by about 17 mu g m(-3) and PM2.5 by 35 mu g m(-3 )on average over fall-winter 2013. It reproduces the diurnal variability for both pollutants. For the day-to-day variation, GEOS-Chem reproduces the observed north-south contrasting mode for both pollutants but not the Eastern China synchronous mode (especially for NO2). The model errors are due to a first model layer too thick (about 130 m) to capture the near-surface vertical gradient, deficiencies in the nighttime nitrogen chemistry in the first layer, and missing secondary organic aerosols and anthropogenic dust. CMAQ overestimates the diurnal cycle of pollutants due to too-weak boundary layer mixing, especially in the nighttime, and overestimates NO2 by about 30 mu g m(-3) and PM2.5 by 60 mu g m(-3). For the day-to-day variability, CMAQ reproduces the observed Eastern China synchronous mode but not the north-south opposing mode of NO2. Both models capture the day-to-day variability of PM2.5 better than that of NO2. These results shed light on model improvement. The EOF-EEMD package is freely available for noncommercial uses. |
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1680-7324 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 946 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author |
Venugopal, T.; Ali, M.M.; Bourassa, M.A.; Zheng, Y.; Goni, G.J.; Foltz, G.R.; Rajeevan, M. | ||||
| Title | Statistical Evidence for the Role of Southwestern Indian Ocean Heat Content in the Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | SCIENTIFIC REPORTS | Abbreviated Journal | Sci Rep |
| Volume | 8 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 12092 |
| Keywords | SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; EL-NINO; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; IMPACT; PREDICTION; ENSO; DIPOLE; REGION; SST | ||||
| Abstract | This study examines the benefit of using Ocean Mean Temperature (OMT) to aid in the prediction of the sign of Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall (ISMR) anomalies. This is a statistical examination, rather than a process study. The thermal energy needed for maintaining and intensifying hurricanes and monsoons comes from the upper ocean, not just from the thin layer represented by sea surface temperature (SST) alone. Here, we show that the southwestern Indian OMT down to the depth of the 26 degrees C isotherm during January-March is a better qualitative predictor of the ISMR than SST. The success rate in predicting above- or below-average ISMR is 80% for OMT compared to 60% for SST. Other January-March mean climate indices (e.g., NINO3.4, Indian Ocean Dipole Mode Index, El Nino Southern Oscillation Modoki Index) have less predictability (52%, 48%, and 56%, respectively) than OMT percentage deviation (PD) (80%). Thus, OMT PD in the southwestern Indian Ocean provides a better qualitative prediction of ISMR by the end of March and indicates whether the ISMR will be above or below the climatological mean value. | ||||
| Address | Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, New Delhi, India | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2045-2322 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Funding | strtoupper('3').strtolower('0108244'); strtoupper('P').strtolower('MC6092415') | Approved | $loc['no'] | ||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 972 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author |
Zheng, Y.; Ali, M.M.; Bourassa, M.A. | ||||
| Title | Contribution of Monthly and Regional Rainfall to the Strength of Indian Summer Monsoon | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2016 | Publication | Monthly Weather Review | Abbreviated Journal | Mon. Wea. Rev. |
| Volume | 144 | Issue | 9 | Pages | 3037-3055 |
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0027-0644 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ mfield @ | Serial | 60 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author |
Zheng, Y.; Bourassa, M. A.; Dukhovskoy, D. S. | ||||
| Title | Upper-Ocean Processes Controlling the Sea Surface Temperature in the Western Gulf of Mexico | Type | $loc['typeAbstract'] | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | American Geophysical Union | Abbreviated Journal | AGU |
| Volume | Fall Meeting | Issue | Pages | ||
| Keywords | 4299 General or miscellaneous, OCEANOGRAPHY: GENERAL | ||||
| Abstract | This study examines the upper-ocean processes controlling the mixed layer temperature in the western Gulf of Mexico (GOM) through estimating the contributing terms in the heat equation, with an emphasis on eddies' role. The major heat contributing terms for the upper GOM were estimated using two ocean reanalysis datasets: an eddy-resolving HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) and a Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA). Analysis of net surface heat fluxes from four datasets reveals that the long-term mean net surface heat flux cools the northern GOM and warms the southern GOM. Two regions are focused for analysis: an eddy-rich region where LCEs are energetic, and the southwestern Gulf where eddy activity is relatively weak and the features of near surface temperature differ from the eddy-rich region. An eddy-rich region in the western GOM is defined based on the eddy kinetic energy derived from satellite sea surface heights. The long-term mean horizontal heat advection causes a weak warming over most of the eddy rich region, partly attributed to the flow-temperature configuration that the long-term and seasonally mean flow is nearly parallel to the corresponding mean isotherms. By contrast, the temporal mean vertical heat advection causes a strong warming in the eddy rich region, partly balancing the cooling caused by net surface heat flux. The temporal mean eddy heat flux convergence in the western GOM, whose positive and negative values are not small at some locations, appears heterogeneous in space, resulting in a small term for the western GOM when area averaged. The persistent warm water in the southwestern Gulf is primarily caused by the net warming from net surface heat flux rather than from eddies and heat advection. | ||||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ user @ | Serial | 1007 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author |
Zheng, Y.; Bourassa, M.A.; Ali, M.M.; Krishnamurti, T.N. | ||||
| Title | Distinctive features of rainfall over the Indian homogeneous rainfall regions between strong and weak Indian summer monsoons | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2016 | Publication | Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres | Abbreviated Journal | J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. |
| Volume | 121 | Issue | 10 | Pages | 5631-5647 |
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2169897X | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ mfield @ | Serial | 61 | ||
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| Author |
Zheng, Y.; Bourassa, M.A.; Hughes, P. | ||||
| Title | Influences of Sea Surface Temperature Gradients and Surface Roughness Changes on the Motion of Surface Oil: A Simple Idealized Study | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology | Abbreviated Journal | J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol. |
| Volume | 52 | Issue | 7 | Pages | 1561-1575 |
| Keywords | Air-sea interaction; Boundary conditions; Diagnostics; Local effects; Societal impacts; Wind effects | ||||
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| ISSN | 1558-8424 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Funding | GoMRI, OVWST | Approved | $loc['no'] | ||
| Call Number | COAPS @ mfield @ | Serial | 229 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author |
Zheng, Y.; Lin, J.-L.; Shinoda, T. | ||||
| Title | The equatorial Pacific cold tongue simulated by IPCC AR4 coupled GCMs: Upper ocean heat budget and feedback analysis | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans | Abbreviated Journal | J. Geophys. Res. |
| Volume | 117 | Issue | C5 | Pages | |
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0148-0227 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ mfield @ | Serial | 250 | ||
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| Author |
Zheng, Y.; Shinoda, T.; Lin, J.-L.; Kiladis, G.N. | ||||
| Title | Sea Surface Temperature Biases under the Stratus Cloud Deck in the Southeast Pacific Ocean in 19 IPCC AR4 Coupled General Circulation Models | Type | $loc['typeJournal Article'] | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | Journal of Climate | Abbreviated Journal | J. Climate |
| Volume | 24 | Issue | 15 | Pages | 4139-4164 |
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| ISSN | 0894-8755 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Funding | Approved | $loc['no'] | |||
| Call Number | COAPS @ mfield @ | Serial | 297 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
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