|
Krishnamurti, T. N., Kumar, V., Simon, A., Thomas, A., Bhardwaj, A., Das, S., et al. (2017). March of buoyancy elements during extreme rainfall over India. Clim Dyn, 48(5-6), 1931–1951.
|
|
Krishnamurti, T. N., Rajendran, K., Vijaya Kumar, T. S. V., Lord, S., Toth, Z., Zou, X., et al. (2003). Improved Skill for the Anomaly Correlation of Geopotential Heights at 500 hPa. Mon. Wea. Rev., 131(6), 1082–1102.
|
|
Krishnamurti, T. N., Stefanova, L., &, M., V. (2013). Tropical Meteorology: An Introduction. Springer.
|
|
Krishnamurti, T. N., Surendran, S., Shin, D. W., Correa-Torres, R. J., Vijaya Kumar, T. S. V., Williford, E., et al. (2001). Real-Time Multianalysis-Multimodel Superensemble Forecasts of Precipitation Using TRMM and SSM/I Products. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129(12), 2861–2883.
|
|
Kulkarni, S. C., Legler, D. M., & O'Brien, J. J. (1998). Variability of Surface Wind Convergence Estimated from ERS-1 and ERS-2 Scatterometer Winds Over the Indian Ocean. COAPS Technical Report 98-1. Tallahassee, FL: Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies, Florida State University.
|
Kumar, V., Jana, S., Bhardwaj, A., Deepa, R., Sahu, S. K., Pradhan, P. K., et al. (2018). Greenhouse Gas Emission, Rainfall and Crop Production Over North-Western India. The Open Ecology Journal, 11(1), 47–61.
Abstract: Background: This study is based on datasets acquired from multi sources e.g. rain-gauges, satellite, reanalysis and coupled model for the region of Northwestern India. The influence of rainfall on crop production is obvious and direct. With the climate change and global warming, greenhouse gases are also showing an adverse impact on crop production. Greenhouse gases (e.g. CO2, NO2 and CH4) have shown an increasing trend over Northwestern Indian region. In recent years, rainfall has also shown an increasing trend over Northwestern India, while the production of rice and maize are reducing over the region. From eight selected sites, over Northwestern India, where rice and maize productions have reduced by 40%, with an increase in CO2, NO2 and CH4 gas emission by 5% from 1998 to 2011. Results: The correlation from one year to another between rainfall, gas emission and crop production was not very robust throughout the study period, but seemed to be stronger for some years than others. Conclusion: Such trends and crop yield are attributed to rainfall, greenhouse gas emissions and to the climate variability.
|
Kumar, V., Jana, S., Bhardwaj, A., Deepa, R., Sahu, S. K., Pradhan, P. K., et al. (2018). Greenhouse Gas Emission, Rainfall and Crop Production Over North-Western India. TOECOLJ, 11(1), 47–61.
Abstract: Background:
This study is based on datasets acquired from multi sources e.g. rain-gauges, satellite, reanalysis and coupled model for the region of Northwestern India. The influence of rainfall on crop production is obvious and direct. With the climate change and global warming, greenhouse gases are also showing an adverse impact on crop production. Greenhouse gases (e.g. CO2, NO2 and CH4) have shown an increasing trend over Northwestern Indian region. In recent years, rainfall has also shown an increasing trend over Northwestern India, while the production of rice and maize are reducing over the region. From eight selected sites, over Northwestern India, where rice and maize productions have reduced by 40%, with an increase in CO2, NO2 and CH4 gas emission by 5% from 1998 to 2011.
Results:
The correlation from one year to another between rainfall, gas emission and crop production was not very robust throughout the study period, but seemed to be stronger for some years than others.
Conclusion:
Such trends and crop yield are attributed to rainfall, greenhouse gas emissions and to the climate variability.
|
|
Kunkel, K. E., Karl, T. R., Brooks, H., Kossin, J., Lawrimore, J. H., Arndt, D., et al. (2013). Monitoring and Understanding Trends in Extreme Storms: State of Knowledge. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 94(4), 499–514.
|
Kvaleberg, E. (2004). Generation of Cold Core Filaments and Eddies Through Baroclinic Instability on a Continental Shelf. Ph.D. thesis, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL.
Abstract: The formation of cold core filaments on an idealized continental shelf is investigated using a numerical model to simulate the ocean's response to surface cooling. A horizontal density gradient forms because of uneven buoyancy loss due to the sloping bottom, and this gradient induces an alongshelf current in thermal wind balance, that in time becomes unstable. As the instabilities grow, filaments, and later eddies, are generated so that dense water near the coast is mixed offshore. Scaling arguments of the filament wavelength indicate that the current is baroclinically unstable, and an analytical model of the frontal expansion with time is in very good agreement with the simulations. This study was inspired by satellite observations of sea surface temperature on the West Florida Shelf during the winter months, in which it is clearly seen that cold core filaments extend from a thermal front. Numerical experiments are therefore designed to allow for reliable comparisons with conditions in this region.
|
|
Kvaleberg, E., Morey, S. L., & O'Brien, J. J. (2004). (J. Cote, Ed.). Research Activities in Atmospheric and Ocean Modeling, Report No. 34. Geneva, Switzerland: World Meteorological Organization.
|
